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Whole grains

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By: Sean Moloughney

Editor, Nutraceuticals World

Indication: Weight loss

Source: Am J Clin Nutr, November 2003;78(5):920-927.

Research: Investigators examined the associations between the intakes of dietary fiber and whole- or refined-grain products and weight gain over time. In a prospective cohort study, 74,091 U.S. female nurses aged 38 to 63 in 1984 and free of known cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes at baseline, were followed for 12 years. Their dietary habits were assessed in 1984, 1986, 1990 and 1994 with validated food-frequency questionnaires. U­sing multiple models to adjust for covariates, researchers calculated a­verage weight, body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2), long-term weight changes and the odds ratio of developing obesity (BMI 30), according to change in dietary intake.

Results: Women who consumed more whole grains consistently weighed less than did women who consumed less whole grains. Over 12 years, those with the greatest increase in intake of dietary fiber gained an average of 1.52 kg less than did those with the smallest increase in intake of dietary fiber independent of body weight at baseline, age and changes in covariate status. Women in the highest quintile of dietary fiber intake had a 49% lower risk of major weight gain than did women in the highest quintile. Re­searchers concluded that weight gain was inversely associated with the intake of high-fiber, whole-grain foods but positively related to the intake of refined-grain foods, which indicated the importance of distinguishing whole-grain products from refined-grain products to aid in weight control.

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